GEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY
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Anna GÓRECKA-NOWAK and Monika MAJEWSKA
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Remarks on palynostratigraphy of the Namurian Wałbrzych Formation in the northern part of the Intrasudetic Basin (SW Poland)
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............101
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Rich assemblages of the Namurian miospores were recorded in the deposits of the Wałbrzych Formation from the northern part of the Intrasudetic Basin. One hundred twenty five miospore taxa were determined and two miospore zones were distinguished. Deposits from Konradów and Biały Kamień belong to the Stenozonotriletes triangulus-Rotaspora knoxi (TK) Zone, correlated to the middle Namurian A. Deposits from Szczawno Zdrój appeared to be younger, because they represents the Lycospora subtriquetra-Kraeuselisporites ornatus (SO) Zone (late Namurian A).
Anna Górecka-Nowak and Monika Majewska, Institute of Geological Sciences, Wrocław University, Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław, Poland; e-mail:
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; e-mail:
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(received: January 22, 2002; accepted: March 28, 2002)
Key words: Instrasudetic Basin, Namurian, palynostratigraphy, miospores.
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Nestor OSZCZYPKO and Marta A. OSZCZYPKO-CLOWES
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Newly discovered Early Miocene deposits in the Nowy Sącz area (Magura Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians)
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............117
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In the Nowy Sącz area Early Miocene marine deposits have been discovered in the southern part of the Rača Subunit, and at the front of the Bystrica Subunit of the Magura Nappe. These deposits belong to the Zawada Formation, which is represented by medium- to thick-bedded glauconitic sandstones with intercalations of thick-bedded marls and marly claystones. The formation is at least 550 m thick. Calcareous nannofossils show the age of the formation to be Early Burdigalian (NN1-2-3 biozones). Due to a lack of exposures the relationship between the deposits of the Malcov and the Zawada formations is not yet clear. However, comparing the youngest age of the Malcov Formation in the Nowy Sącz I borehole (NP 25) with the age of the Zawada Formation suggests sedimentary continuity transition between these formations.
Nestor Oszczypko and Marta A. Oszczypko-Clowes, Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Oleandry 2a, 30-063 Kraków, Poland; e-mail: nestor@ ing.uj.edu.pl (received: March 12, 2001; accepted: November 15, 2001).
Key words: Outer Carpathians, Magura Nappe, Early Miocene, calcareous nannoplankton, palaeotectonic implications.
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Stanisław ORŁOWSKI and Anna ŻYLIŃSKA
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Lower Cambrian trace fossils from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland
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............135
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Additional data on the Lower Cambrian ichnotaxa from the Holy Cross Mountains are presented. Nine ichnotaxa are described for the first time from the area, additional descriptions of three known ichnotaxa are supplied, and two ichnotaxa are shown to have extended stratigraphic ranges. Most Lower Cambrian trace fossils belong to the Cruziana ichnofacies. The high taxonomic diversity of the Early Cambrian trace fossil assemblages from the Holy Cross Mountains in comparison to the trace fossil assemblages of the Mid- and Late Cambrian of the area is confirmed.
Stanisław Orłowski and Anna Żylińska, Institute of Geology, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland; e-mail:
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(received: July 7, 2001; accepted: December 5, 2001).
Key words: Holy Cross Mountains, Lower Cambrian, trace fossils.
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Marcin ŻARSKI
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Pleistocene river valleys and ice sheet limits in the Southern Mazovian Lowland, central Poland
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............147
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The buried and present-day Vistula valleys has developed along tectonic linear structures of NW-SE trend. The Vistula river valley and its tributaries essentialy maintained their courses during the Małopolanian, Ferdynandovian, Mazovian and Eemian interglacials. During the Małopolanian, Mazovian, Ferdynandovian interglacials the gradient of the buried Vistula valley was 0.57, while during the Eemian Interglacial and during deposition of Vistulian terraces and Holocene flood plain deposits it was about 0.34, due to from tectonic movements. The width of the buried Vistula valley was the greatest during the Eemian Interglacial (15 km) and during the Vistulian (17 km) when strong lateral erosion occurred. The stratigraphy of the Quaternary deposits is based on palynologically documented sites of the Ferdynandovian, Mazovian and Eemian interglacials. This region was covered by ice sheets of the Nidanian, Sanian, Wilgian, Liviecian, Odranian and Wartanian glaciations during eight advances. Liviecian and Wartanian Glaciation maximum limits were determined in the study area. Interstadial fluvial deposits, between the premaximum and maximum stadials of the Odranian Glaciation, were recognised and termed sediments of the Gniewosznian Interstadial. The deposits of the Wartanian Glaciation have been TL dated at 146-203 ka BP and the Odranian at 212-280 ka BP.
Marcin Żarski, Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL-00-975 Warszawa, e-mail:
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(received: March 28, 2001; accepted: November 15, 2001).
Key words: Pleistocene, Vistula river valley, ice sheet limit, glaciation.
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Tomasz KRZYWICKI
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The maximum ice sheet limit of the Vistulian Glaciation in northeastern Poland and neighbouring areas
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............165
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This paper outlines a new approach to reconstructing Vistulian ice sheet limits in NE Poland and adjacent areas of Lithuania and Belarus. It is based on geological investigations of landforms and deposits either of a hypothetical boundary to the Vistulian ice sheet limits. The main conclusions are: 1 - the area was covered twice by the Vistulian ice sheet; the first time during the Świecie Stadial (67-50 ka BP) and the second time during the Main Stadial (24-12 ka BP); 2 - the limit of the older stadial was farther to the south a that of the younger one; 3 - due to covering of the Eemian sediments by the ice sheet of the Świecie Stadial the limit of the Vistulian Glaciation has moved about 15-20 km southwards.
Tomasz Krzywicki, Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warszawa, Poland, e-mail:
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(received: June 13, 2001; accepted: December 11, 2001).
Key words: northeastern Poland, Vistulian Glaciation, Eemian Interglacial, ice sheet limit, tills.
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Lucyna RAJCHEL, Jacek RAJCHEL and Konrad WOŁOWSKI
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Microorganisms in selected sulphuric springs of the Polish Carpathians
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............189
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Microorganisms colonising sulphurous waters were found at the bottoms of the spring niches and along spring outflows. Five springs from the Carpathians and two from the Carpathian Foredeep were selected for investigations. Sulphurous flora is represented mainly by sulphuric bacteria. They occur as individual threads, spider-webs, festoons, encrustations and covers. Their colours may be white, creamy, violet, pink and purple. Altogether 31 microorganism taxa: bacteria (16), cyanoprokaryota (3) and algae (12) were identified and illustrated. The bacterial occurrences have been correlated with physico-chemical state of the waters.
Lucyna Rajchel, Department of Stratigraphy and Regional Geology, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, e-mail:
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; Jacek Rajchel, Departament of General and Mathematical Geology, University of Mining and Metallurgy, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland, e-mail:
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; Konrad Wołowski, Department of Phycology, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland, e-mail:
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(received: August 7, 2001; accepted: March 6, 2002).
Key words: southern Poland, Carpathian Foredeep, sulphuric springs, microorganisms, schizomycetes, cyanoprokaryota, algae.
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Anto RAUKAS and Elvi TAVAST
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The Holocene sedimentation history of Lake Vortsjärv, central Estonia
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............199
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Lake Vortsjärv is one of the biggest lakes in Eastern Europe and possesses a complex geological history. Bottom deposits consist mostly of fine sand and silt, accompanied with sapropel (up to 9 m thick) and lake marl (up to 8 m thick). In places, especially in the northern part where the bottom deposits are absent, varved clay or till are exposed in the lake basin. In the southern part of the lake the deposits are much thicker, indicating a gradual rise of water-level. Like the majority of lakes in the Northern Hemisphere, Lake Vortsjärv possesses a more open eastern and a more swampy and overgrown western bank. Shore types and the lithological composition of shore sediments are varied and highly controlled by the bedrock and glacial deposits. Long-shore transport of sediments is limited. The mineral composition of bottom sediments shows great qualitative and quantitative variability which relates to the grain-size and petrography of the parent deposits. Organic-rich sapropel can be used in agriculture and evidently also for medicinal purposes.
Anto Raukas and Elvi Tavast, Institute of Geology, Tallinn Technical University, 7 Estonia Avenue, 10143 Tallinn, Estonia; e-mail:
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(received: Juni 1, 2001; accepted: December 7, 2001).
Key words: Estonia, Holocene, ice lakes, glacioisostatic uplift, shore types, bottom and beach deposits, water-level fluctuations.
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Zofia BALWIERZ and Małgorzata ROMAN
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A new Eemian Interglacial to Early Vistulian site at Łanięta, central Poland
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............207
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The Łanięta site with fossil lake deposits is situated just in front of the maximum extent of Vistulian Glaciation ice. Palynological analysis shows that lake accumulation lasted through the Eemian Interglacial and almost the whole Early Vistulian, the longest record of this time interval in this part of Poland. Two warm interstadial-rank oscillations (Brörup and Odderade) and two stadials have been distinguished during the Early Vistulian. The older of these is correlated with the Herning Stadial while younger one equates with the Rederstal Stadial of the German succession.
Zofia Balwierz, Department of Geomorphology, University of Łódź, Lipowa 81, 90-568 Łódź, Poland; e-mail:
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; Małgorzata Roman, Chair of Quaternary Research, University of Łódź, Kopcińskiego 31, 90-142 Łódź, Poland; e-mail:
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(received: December 6, 2000; accepted: December 12, 2001)
Key words: central Poland, Eemian Interglacial, Early Vistulian, lake sediments, palynostratigraphy.
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Robert NIEDŹWIEDZKI
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Revision of stratigraphic ranges of selected invertebrate taxa from the Muschelkalk in Silesia
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............219
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New occurrences of some invertebrates in the Silesian Muschelkalk are presented, hanging the stratigraphic ranges of these taxa, especially in the Dziewkowice Formation. 13 taxa have been found for the first time in this formation or had their stratigraphic ranges revised in the last two decades.
Robert Niedźwiedzki, Institute of Geological Sciences, Wrocław University, Cybulskiego 30, 50-205 Wrocław, Poland; e-mail:
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(received: November 14, 2001; accepted: February 28, 2002).
Key words: Silesia, Triassic, Muschelkalk, bivalves, ammonoids, brachiopods, echinoderms.
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Wydawnictwa 
O nas w PIGułce
Gaz łupkowy i gaz zamknięty
Mapa obszarów zagrożonych podtopieniami
Seminarium Chłodno o hydrogeologii
Przez ocean czasu
Konferencja Złoża kopalin – aktualne problemy prac poszukiwawczych, badawczych i dokumentacyjnych
II Polski Kongres Geologiczny
