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Volcanic activity is the most powerful force in nature. Some volcanic eruptions are much more powerful than the largest nuclear explosion. Volcanoes have killed thousands of people and caused some of the most frightening events in human history.

This site includes information about volcanoes, their activity, and how they form and erupt.

GVP Eruption Reports

GVP Eruption Reports

GVP Eruption Reports Feed

Fernandina (Ecuador) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024 - NEW

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Mar 27, 2024

Instituto Geofsico-Escuela Politcnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that moderate eruptive activity continued at Fernandina during 20-26 March. Daily thermal anomalies were detected in satellite images. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions identified in TROPOMI satellite data totaled 158 tons on 20 March, 720 tons on 24 March, and 790 tons during 25-26 March. Secretara de Gestin de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at White (the lowest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: Instituto Geofsico-Escuela Politcnica Nacional (IG-EPN) ,Secretara de Gestin de Riesgos (SGR)

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Reykjanes (Iceland) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024 - NEW

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Mar 27, 2024

According to the Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO), eruptive activity along the fissure that opened on 16 March began to stabilize on 20 March, with vents remaining in the same locations as previous days where cones had been built. The lava flows traveled S on top of older flows from the previous episodes in December 2023 and January-February 2024. Little or no change was observed at the flow fronts near Suurstrandarvegur (the southern coast road) and Svartsengi. Lava began to flow into Melhlsnma mine during 23-24 March, eventually filling it. Seismicity remained low. Early SO2 flux measurements from 17 March were up to 50 kg/s, but preliminary results from a more recent measurement indicated that the rate had decreased substantially. On the morning of 20 March, the National Land Survey of Iceland and the Institute of Natural History conducted aerial photography flights. Based on image analysis, an average discharge rate of 14.5 cubic meters per second during 17-20 March was estimated, and the new lava field was about 5.58 square kilometers with a volume of 20.9 million cubic meters. By 25 March the eruptive activity had decreased and possibly ceased at the smaller cones. The cones that remained active continued to grow, and the main lava flow extended south and bent westward. Seismicity and volcanic tremor gradually decreased. GPS monitoring continued to detect inflation at Svartsengi, but at a slower rate. High levels of SO2 were measured in Hfn and Grindavk over the past few days, and IMO warned of risk associated with gas emissions.

Sources: Almannavarnadeild rkislgreglustjra (National Commissioner of the Icelandic Police and Department of Civil Protection and Emergency Management),Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO)

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Aira (Japan) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

JMA reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera?s Sakurajima volcano) during 18-25 March. An explosion at 1952 on 18 March produced an ash plume that rose 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted SE and ejected large blocks 800-1,100 m from the vent. Very small eruptions and nighttime incandescence were observed at the summit crater during other days of the report period. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from both craters.

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

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Dukono (Indonesia) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that Dukono continued to erupt during 20-26 March. Gray-and-white emissions rose as high as 450 m above the summit. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1?4), and the public was warned to remain outside of the 3-km exclusion zone.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

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Ebeko (Russia) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity was ongoing at Ebeko during 14-21 March. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E), during 20-21 March explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. On other days the volcano was quiet, or weather clouds prevented satellite views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

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Fuego (Guatemala) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 20-26 March. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 3-12 per hour each day. The explosions generated ash and gas plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions; ballistics occasionally fell as far as 2 km away. Frequent block avalanches caused by the explosions descended various drainages, including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluy (SW), Santa Teresa (W), and Las Lajas (SE), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m above the summit on 22 and 24 March. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were frequently reported. On 21 March ashfall was reported in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofa (12 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

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Great Sitkin (United States) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

AVO reported that slow lava effusion continued in Great Sitkin?s summit crater during 20-26 March. Weather clouds obscured or partly obscured satellite and webcam views during most of the week. A radar satellite image acquired during 19-20 March showed advancement of the active NW lava flow and uplift of the center of the lava dome above the vent. Seismicity was low and a few small earthquakes were recorded each day. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

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Lewotobi (Indonesia) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that white emissions rose as high as 100 m above the summit of Lewotobi Laki-laki during 20-26 March. Some rockfall events were detected by the seismic network. There were no visual observations of renewed lava effusion, and no reports of lava flow movement since 20 February. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to remain outside of the hazard zone, defined as a 2-km radius around the crater, the 3-km NNE sector expansion, and the 5-km NE sector expansion; both sector expansions extend from the established 2-km hazard radius.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

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Lewotolok (Indonesia) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported continuing activity at Lewotolok during 20-26 March. White-and-gray emissions were observed daily; plumes rose as high as 1 km above the summit. Seismicity included non-harmonic tremor episodes, frequent gas emission signals, and 6-18 daily eruption events. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 2-km away from the vent and 3-km away from the summit crater on the S and SE flank.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

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Marapi (Indonesia) - Report for 20 March-26 March 2024

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Mar 27, 2024

PVMBG reported that eruptive activity at Marapi (on Sumatra) was ongoing during 20-26 March. White and gray ash plumes rose 200-500 m above the summit and drifted multiple directions on 20 and 24 March. White steam and gas plumes rose 200-250 m above the summit and drifted N, NE, and NW on 21 and 25 March. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 4.5 km away from the active crater.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

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